This publication focuses on the main factors associated with the risk of dropping out among high school students, whether it be their health status (physical and mental) and lifestyle habits, their social environment or their social adaptation. Using an index to estimate the risk of dropping out according to various characteristics, the first descriptive analyses were presented in volume 2 of the 2010–2011 Québec Health Survey of High School Students report. In this publication, we extend these analyses to determine the main factors associated with the risk of dropping out and then quantify the strength of their association with this risk.